KOREAN PARTICLES FOR EVERYDAY USE - PART 2

 Chapter Thirteen

Korean particles list - Part 2

In the previous chapter, we learned some of the Korean particles, and this chapter is the continuation of it. In this chapter, we will learn another set of particles in the Korean language, which is essential for everyday use. If you haven't read the chapters on subject/topic particles, object particles, place particles, and other essential particles, make sure you read those, because without these particles we can't form meaningful sentences in Korean. So, let's continue our lessons. 

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So, in this chapter, we are going to learn another five particles, which are very essential for daily use. They are:
  1. 과/와 - Meaning and examples
  1. 이랑/랑 - Meaning and examples
  1. 하고 - Meaning and examples
  1. 고 - Meaning and examples
  1. 의 - Meaning and examples


Why you should learn them?

This is a tricky question, right? But, for every language, there are many particles, to connect the sentences, or, to give an exact meaning to the sentence, or to complete the sentence grammatically. Like that, in the Korean language also, we have many particles, subject/topic, object, place, direction, plural, duration, etc,. Even if you don't use these particles, Korean people can still understand you, but if you're learning the language seriously, then it is very important to study that language in its perfection. So let's start!


과/와 - Meaning and examples

We use these particles to get the meaning, - 'and, 'with', etc. The particle 과 (gwa) is used after a consonant and the other one, 와 (wa) is used when the previous word ends with a vowel. Let's look at some example sentences.

  • 커피와 샌드위치를 먹고 싶어요. - I would like to have a Coffee and a Sandwich.
         (Keopiwa saendeuwichireul meogku sipeoyo)
  • 나는 형과 함께 갈거예요. - I am going with my elder brother. 
         (Naneun hyeonggwa hamkke galgeoyeyo)

이랑/랑 - Meaning and examples

These particles also have the same meaning as 과/와. Even though these two are similar in their meaning, 이랑(irang)/랑(rang) is commonly used when compared to the other. When the previous word ends with a vowel then we use 랑 and if the word ends with a consonant, then we use 이랑. Meaning of this particle - and / with. Let's look at some examples. 

  • 나는 친구랑 같이 쇼핑을 갔어요.- I went shopping with my friend.
         (Naneun chingoorang gatchi syopingeul gasseoyo)
  • 나는 동생이랑 같이 학교에 갔어요.- I went to school with my brother. 
         (Naneun dongsaengirang gatchi haggyoe gasseoyo)

하고 - Meaning and examples


This particle also has the same meaning as 과/와  and 이랑/랑. We can use 하고(hago) instead of 과/와/이랑 and 랑. 
  • 저는 방학에 친구하고 서울을 구경할거예요. - I am going to visit Seoul with my friends on vacation. 
         (Jeoneun panhage chingoohago seouleul googyeonghalgeoyeyo)

고 - Meaning and examples


This particle is used to connect two or more clauses or ideas. There is no exact meaning for this particle, but it is actually a connecting tool. Let's look at some examples below.
  • 영화를 보고 쇼핑했어요. - I watched a movie and went shopping.
         (Yeonghwareul pogo syopinghaesseoyo)
  • 한국 친구를 사귀고 한국 음식을 먹었어요. - I made Korean friends and ate Korean food. 
         (Hangook chingooreul sagwigo hangook eumsigeul meogeosseoyo)


의 - Meaning and examples


This is a particle that is used to tell that something belongs to someone. Or basically, it is a possessive particle. It is used with the person who owns something. In English we use 's to point that something belongs to that person. Likewise, in Korean, 의 (ui) is used in a similar meaning. Let's look at an example.
  • 그것은 의사의 펜입니다.- It is a doctor's pen
         (geugeoseun uisaui penibnida)
그것은 means - It is. 

I think we have covered almost every essential particle in Korean. So, read part-1 also and try to make sentences on your own. If you have any doubts, feel free to contact me or leave a comment below. I will make sure to answer you.

Good day!

2 Comments

  1. DayakarJune 12, 2021 at 5:02 AM

    Is there a question particle? Chinese has "ma" and Japanese has "ka."

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    Replies
    1. AnjaliJune 29, 2021 at 5:23 AM

      Hi, sorry for the late reply.

      In Korean language, we have this ㅂ니까 or 습니까, that are used at the end of the sentences to make it a question. These two are used mainly in formal conversations. If the stem or the word ends with a vowel, then we add ㅂ니까, and if the word ends with a consonant, then we add 습니까. For example,
      Q. 이것이 의자입니까? Is this a chair?
      Otherwise, you can convert some sentences into a question form by adding an intonantion at the end. I'll post an explained chapter regarding this.

      Have a nice day

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